Source
Hurd, N. M., Zimmerman, M. A., & Reischl, T. M. (2011). Role model behavior and youth violence: a study of positive and negative effects. Journal of Early Adolescence, 31(2), 323-354.
Notes
“Researchers have found that growing up in poor, urban neighborhoods with limited resources increases adolescents’ risk of participating in violent behavior” 324
“Interpersonal violence has the potential to alter the culture of a community and impede the moral development of its youth” 324
“One potentially influential factor on youth violence is adult role models. In an effort to better understand how adult role models may influence youth violence, a discussion of social cognitive theory is necessary.” 324
“Social cognitive theory suggests that individuals tend to display attitudes and behaviors that are learned (deliberately or inadvertently) through the influence of example”. 324
“A role model is an individual who is perceived by others as worthy of emulation”324
“As children begin to move into early adolescence, they increasingly focus their attention on non parental adults both within and outside of their family system” 325
“ Through their modeling of violent behavior, adults (particularly adults whom adolescents look up to and aspire to be like) may be fostering the development of new aggressive scripts or contributing to the maintenance of previously acquired violent scripts among adolescents” 326
“These adults may be identified as role models due to limited alternatives” 325
“an adult role model may model both negative and positive behavior” 326
“that individuals who were able to overcome adversity often reported that adult role models had positively influenced their development”327
“having role models protected youth against several negative behaviors, including participation in violence (Aspy et al., 2004), involvement in sexual intercourse (Oman, Vesely, Kegler, McLeroy, & Aspy, 2003; Vesely et al., 2004), and substance use (Oman et al., 2004). Role model presence has also been linked to fewer internalizing and externalizing behavior problems (Hurd, Zimmerman, & Xue, 2009; McMahon, Singh, Garner, & Benhorn, 2004) and more positive school outcomes (Hurd et al., 2009)” 327
Study method:
318 African American seventh and eighth graders from Flint, Michigan. We recruited participants from two area middle schools with similar school composition and neighborhood characteristics. Both schools had over 85% African American enrollment, and slightly more than 70% of students at each school were eligible for free or reduced price lunch.
Role models. In this study, we defined role models as nonparental adults who adolescents look up to and want to be like. This definition encompasses the traditional role model definition (a person worthy of emulation) and excludes parents and step-parents because parental relationships are
the children were surveyed, during the survey they were asked to acknowledge one person who they looked up to but who was not a parental figure. they were then asked a series of questions which helped define the role-models behavior as anti-social or prosocial, and their attitude towards violence.
“Participants were more likely to select role models who shared their gender than to select role models of the opposite gender,” 335
FINDINGS
“The current study findings suggest that African American early adolescents residing in low-income communities may be influenced strongly by the behavior of nonparental adults in their day-to-day lives” 349
“The results of this study indicate that role model behavior may have the potential to positively and negatively
affect outcomes among this adolescent subgroup”. 349
Wednesday, July 27, 2011
INTERVIEW: 0005 videos (rough incomplete)
Mary D. Williams
Richmond resident and activist. Former NAACP member during civil Rights movement and Low-income housing advocate for the city of Richmond and RMC member.
7.12.2011 1145-1212
Richmond Easter Hill Village
Hinkley Ave & s26 st. Richmond Ca, 94804
Here are two clips...
Richmond resident and activist. Former NAACP member during civil Rights movement and Low-income housing advocate for the city of Richmond and RMC member.
7.12.2011 1145-1212
Richmond Easter Hill Village
Hinkley Ave & s26 st. Richmond Ca, 94804
Here are two clips...
INTERVIEW: 0003 videos
AL Alfredo Ignacio Zuniga (Panel Member)
Counselor at Contra Costa College, former Chicano studies professor and priest
7.20.2011 1330-1445
Student Services Center in Contra Costa College
4300 Cutting Blvd. Richmond Ca, 94804
Contact info
E - azuniga@contracosta.edu
P - (510) 235-7800 ext. 4357
Counselor at Contra Costa College, former Chicano studies professor and priest
7.20.2011 1330-1445
Student Services Center in Contra Costa College
4300 Cutting Blvd. Richmond Ca, 94804
Contact info
E - azuniga@contracosta.edu
P - (510) 235-7800 ext. 4357
INTERVIEW: 0004 videos & Resources
Cesar Cruz (Panel Member)
Raza studies Professor at CCSF, Former WCCUSD professor
Founder of Homies Empowerment, Poet, author, activist, father
7.19.2011 1130-1230
Eastlake YMCA
1512 45th. Ave. Oakland, Ca,
Contact info
E - homiesempowerment@gmail.com
Raza studies Professor at CCSF, Former WCCUSD professor
Founder of Homies Empowerment, Poet, author, activist, father
7.19.2011 1130-1230
Eastlake YMCA
1512 45th. Ave. Oakland, Ca,
Contact info
E - homiesempowerment@gmail.com
INTERVIEW: 0002 videos
Dr. Chand Patel
Computer Center Coordinator at Richmond Police Activity league
7.6.2011 1115-1200
RPAL facility
2200 MacDonald Ave. Richmond Ca, 94804
Contact info
E - drc@rpal.org
P - (510) 621-1224
C- (510) 459-9106
Computer Center Coordinator at Richmond Police Activity league
7.6.2011 1115-1200
RPAL facility
2200 MacDonald Ave. Richmond Ca, 94804
Contact info
E - drc@rpal.org
P - (510) 621-1224
C- (510) 459-9106
Prototype
I am Currently having computer problems with my memory and haven't worked much on the prototype here is a screen-image of one of the interviews which still needs editing in order to be part of the full prototype... i will add more once i get the issue resolved...
Tuesday, July 26, 2011
INTERVIEW: 0001 & Complementary info
Marin Trujillo
Community Engagement Coordinator for WCCUSD
7.15.2011 1310-1400
Room 906 Kennedy High School
4300 Cutting Blvd. Richmond Ca, 94804
Contact info
E - mtrujillo@wccusd.net
P - (510) 307-4526
F - (510) 620-2242
Information gathered from interview:
“Sometimes you find that people that help in the community may adopt a missionary way of gate keeping... and then the families begin to believe the only way to move ahead is because they found that person... they become over-dependent”, this over dependency can have negative effects in the community. If we are to motivate or educate students through the help of role-models we must ensure that this program does not lead to people becoming dependent on these heroes.
There is a need for “Increasing relevancy and networking; there’s no venue, no Facebook for this thing. there’s a big gap”, He proposed the idea that there should be a social networking portal that connected people in the community with the youth, an alternative form of creating community connections. He spoke of the district’s recent project “Linked Learning*”, which connects students with people in the field but that “how a student gets into a particular academy is a little weird” and thus falling short of creating a vast network or of inspiring the youth effectively.
As far as creating a video based solution: “I love the idea of people telling their story...” Mr. Trujillo encouraged the idea creating relevancy through videos but warned that the district would not allow any filming to take place on any campus “it’s such a powerful medium, be ware its pretty dangerous for a public institution to open its doors”.
If such solution would be proposed the proposal would have to be “packaged” in way that made it clear that this would “address the standards or augment the review of these standards***”.
The videos would have to “be really good quality, and powerful” and not disrupt the educational process.
The best place to show the videos would be in Cultural geography courses, since they “are supposed to be localized”
Mr. Trujillo emphasized that in Contra Costa County, in Richmond in particular there is a momentum for progress and that this momentum was bringing people back to the community and thus increasing retention among community residents. This change was due to an increase in community involvement, and a willingness for people to do good. This change makes Richmond a fertile place to implement such a project.
Getting in to the district: Trujillo advised that once the project was created it should be tested in Richmond Leadership High School**. The professors, students and administrators should be interviewed, surveyed and if the data showed positive results, it would then have to be pitched to the WCCUSD superintendent.
*Linked learning information
“The Linked Learning Alliance is a statewide coalition of education, industry, and community organizations dedicated to improving California’s high schools and preparing students for postsecondary education and career.
Purpose of the Alliance
Established in May 2008, the Linked Learning Alliance aims to bring a collective voice and coordinated effort to expanding access for California’s young people to Linked Learning – programs of study that connect learning in the classroom with real-world applications outside of school. The Linked Learning approach integrates rigorous academic instruction with demanding technical curriculum and work-based learning – all set in the context of one of California’s 15 major industry sectors such as arts, media, and entertainment; building and environmental design; engineering; health science and medical technology; information technology; and law and public services.
Goals of the Linked Learning Alliance
Build awareness and understanding of Linked Learning;
Expand student access to high quality pathways – locally, regionally and statewide;
Leveraging resources and expertise to promote Linked Learning;
Developing and advocating for policies supporting Linked Learning; and
Boosting Alliance membership to expand support for Linked Learning throughout California”
-taken from the Linked Learning Alliance website
http://www.linkedlearning.org/
**leadership Public Schools
“Leadership Public Schools ("LPS") is a not-for-profit organization founded in 2002 by Mark Kushner to serve a diverse student body throughout the Bay Area. The LPS network of outstanding public charter high schools are located in Richmond, Oakland (College Park), Hayward, and San Jose and serve over 1,500 students. LPS is led by Dr. Louise Bay Waters and supported by a board of directors and advisory board of experienced educators, business people, and community leaders. Our schools serve ethnically and economically diverse student bodies and are located in or near low-income urban neighborhoods. LPS’ vision is that all students - regardless of background, ethnicity, or neighborhood - receive an excellent education that prepares them to succeed in college and improve their community.
LPS’ mission is to serve diverse and traditionally underserved students by building a network of outstanding small public high schools where we:
Prepare all of our graduating students to succeed in college and beyond;
Develop effective student leaders; and
Partner and share best practices with school districts to strengthen both ourselves and other public schools.
LPS schools provide a caring and supportive environment in which every student is known and respected by the entire faculty and administration. Our strategy is to provide a College Ready Curriculum, College Ready Supports and a College Ready Culture , providing students with the motivation and resources to succeed.
LPS Student Profile & Demographics
69% qualify for free/reduced federal lunch
85% will be first-generation college students
30% are English Language Learners
Student Demographics
66% Hispanic or Latino
17% African American
6% White (Non Hispanic)
8% Asian
3% Pacific Islander
1% American Indian"
-taken from the LPS website
http://www.leadps.org/our-schools
***Content Standards and Curriculum Frameworks For the sate of California
http://www.cde.ca.gov/be/st/fr/
http://www.cde.ca.gov/be/st/ss/
Community Engagement Coordinator for WCCUSD
7.15.2011 1310-1400
Room 906 Kennedy High School
4300 Cutting Blvd. Richmond Ca, 94804
Contact info
E - mtrujillo@wccusd.net
P - (510) 307-4526
F - (510) 620-2242
Information gathered from interview:
“Sometimes you find that people that help in the community may adopt a missionary way of gate keeping... and then the families begin to believe the only way to move ahead is because they found that person... they become over-dependent”, this over dependency can have negative effects in the community. If we are to motivate or educate students through the help of role-models we must ensure that this program does not lead to people becoming dependent on these heroes.
There is a need for “Increasing relevancy and networking; there’s no venue, no Facebook for this thing. there’s a big gap”, He proposed the idea that there should be a social networking portal that connected people in the community with the youth, an alternative form of creating community connections. He spoke of the district’s recent project “Linked Learning*”, which connects students with people in the field but that “how a student gets into a particular academy is a little weird” and thus falling short of creating a vast network or of inspiring the youth effectively.
As far as creating a video based solution: “I love the idea of people telling their story...” Mr. Trujillo encouraged the idea creating relevancy through videos but warned that the district would not allow any filming to take place on any campus “it’s such a powerful medium, be ware its pretty dangerous for a public institution to open its doors”.
If such solution would be proposed the proposal would have to be “packaged” in way that made it clear that this would “address the standards or augment the review of these standards***”.
The videos would have to “be really good quality, and powerful” and not disrupt the educational process.
The best place to show the videos would be in Cultural geography courses, since they “are supposed to be localized”
Mr. Trujillo emphasized that in Contra Costa County, in Richmond in particular there is a momentum for progress and that this momentum was bringing people back to the community and thus increasing retention among community residents. This change was due to an increase in community involvement, and a willingness for people to do good. This change makes Richmond a fertile place to implement such a project.
Getting in to the district: Trujillo advised that once the project was created it should be tested in Richmond Leadership High School**. The professors, students and administrators should be interviewed, surveyed and if the data showed positive results, it would then have to be pitched to the WCCUSD superintendent.
*Linked learning information
“The Linked Learning Alliance is a statewide coalition of education, industry, and community organizations dedicated to improving California’s high schools and preparing students for postsecondary education and career.
Purpose of the Alliance
Established in May 2008, the Linked Learning Alliance aims to bring a collective voice and coordinated effort to expanding access for California’s young people to Linked Learning – programs of study that connect learning in the classroom with real-world applications outside of school. The Linked Learning approach integrates rigorous academic instruction with demanding technical curriculum and work-based learning – all set in the context of one of California’s 15 major industry sectors such as arts, media, and entertainment; building and environmental design; engineering; health science and medical technology; information technology; and law and public services.
Goals of the Linked Learning Alliance
Build awareness and understanding of Linked Learning;
Expand student access to high quality pathways – locally, regionally and statewide;
Leveraging resources and expertise to promote Linked Learning;
Developing and advocating for policies supporting Linked Learning; and
Boosting Alliance membership to expand support for Linked Learning throughout California”
-taken from the Linked Learning Alliance website
http://www.linkedlearning.org/
**leadership Public Schools
“Leadership Public Schools ("LPS") is a not-for-profit organization founded in 2002 by Mark Kushner to serve a diverse student body throughout the Bay Area. The LPS network of outstanding public charter high schools are located in Richmond, Oakland (College Park), Hayward, and San Jose and serve over 1,500 students. LPS is led by Dr. Louise Bay Waters and supported by a board of directors and advisory board of experienced educators, business people, and community leaders. Our schools serve ethnically and economically diverse student bodies and are located in or near low-income urban neighborhoods. LPS’ vision is that all students - regardless of background, ethnicity, or neighborhood - receive an excellent education that prepares them to succeed in college and improve their community.
LPS’ mission is to serve diverse and traditionally underserved students by building a network of outstanding small public high schools where we:
Prepare all of our graduating students to succeed in college and beyond;
Develop effective student leaders; and
Partner and share best practices with school districts to strengthen both ourselves and other public schools.
LPS schools provide a caring and supportive environment in which every student is known and respected by the entire faculty and administration. Our strategy is to provide a College Ready Curriculum, College Ready Supports and a College Ready Culture , providing students with the motivation and resources to succeed.
LPS Student Profile & Demographics
69% qualify for free/reduced federal lunch
85% will be first-generation college students
30% are English Language Learners
Student Demographics
66% Hispanic or Latino
17% African American
6% White (Non Hispanic)
8% Asian
3% Pacific Islander
1% American Indian"
-taken from the LPS website
http://www.leadps.org/our-schools
***Content Standards and Curriculum Frameworks For the sate of California
http://www.cde.ca.gov/be/st/fr/
http://www.cde.ca.gov/be/st/ss/
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